Ownership Rates of Durable Goods in India and Pakistan

Ownership of consumer durables like computers, home appliances and vehicles is often seen as an important indicator of the size and health of the middle classes in emerging economies. Examples of periodic household surveys used by researchers to measure such data include NSS (National Sampling Survey) in India and PSLM (Pakistan Social and Living Standards Measurement) in Pakistan.

Durables Ownership in India and Pakistan. Source: KSBL


India-Pakistan Comparison:

Dr. Jawaid Abdul Ghani, a professor at Karachi School of Business Leadership, has recently analyzed household surveys in India and Pakistan to discover the following:

1.  As of 2015, car ownership in both India and Pakistan is about the same at 6% of households owning a car. However, 41% of Pakistani household own motorcycles, several points higher than India's 32%.

Appliance Ownership in South Asia. Source: Seeking Alpha

2. 12% of Pakistani households own a computer, slightly higher than 11% in India.

3. Higher percentage of Pakistani households own appliances such as refrigerators (Pakistan 47%, India 33%), washing machines (Pakistan 48%, India 15%) and fans (Pakistan 91%, India 83%).

4. 71% of Indian households own televisions versus 62% in Pakistan.

Durables Ownership Growth in Pakistan. Source: KSBL
Growth over Time:

Dr. Abdul Ghani has also analyzed household data to show that the percentage of Pakistani households owning washing machines has doubled while car and refrigerator ownership has tripled and motorcycle ownership jumped 6-fold from 2001 to 2014.

Income/Consumption Growth in Pakistan. Source: KSBL

Rapid Income Growth:

Rising ownership of durables in Pakistan has been driven by significant reduction in poverty and growth of household incomes, according to Dr. Abdul Ghani's research. Percentage of households with per capita income of under $2 per day per person has plummeted from 57% in 2001 to 7% in 2014. At the same time, the percentage of households earning $2 to $10 per day per person has soared from 42% of households in 2001 to 87% of households in 2014.  The percentage of those earning over $10 per day per person has jumped 7-fold from 1% of households in 2001 to 7% of households in 2014.

Pakistani Middle Class:

Only 5% of Pakistanis in $2-$4 per day per person income group have college degrees. But 20% of those in $4-$10 have college degrees, according to the survey results.

Pakistan Middle Class Profile. Source: KSBL

Credit Suisse Income and Wealth Data:

Average Pakistani adult is 20% richer than an average Indian adult and the median wealth of a Pakistani adult is 120% higher than that of his or her Indian counterpart, according to Credit Suisse Wealth Report 2016. Average household wealth in Pakistan has grown 2.1% while it has declined 0.8% in India since the end of last year.

Median wealth data indicates that 50% of Pakistanis own more than $1,180 per adult which is 120% more than the $608 per adult owned by 50% of Indians.

GDP Estimates Using Household Survey Data:

Pakistan's GDP calculated from consumption data in PSLM is significantly higher than the government estimates based on production data. The reverse is true of Indian GDP.

M. Ali Kemal and Ahmed Waqar Qasim, economists at Pakistan Institute of Development Economics (PIDE),  explored several published different approaches for sizing Pakistan's underground economy and settled on a combination of  PSLM (Pakistan Social and Living Standards Measurement) consumption data  and mis-invoicing of exports and imports to conclude that the country's "informal economy was 91% of the formal economy in 2007-08". 

Prominent Indian economists Abhijit V Banerjee, Pranab Bardhan, Rohini Somanathan and TN Srinivasan teaching at MIT, UC Berkeley, Yale University and Delhi School of Economics believe that India's GDP estimate based on household survey (National Sampling Service or NSS) data is about half of what the Indian government officially reports as India's GDP. 

Here's a quote from French economist Thomas Piketty's book "Capital in the Twenty-First Century" explaining his skepticism of production-based official GDP figures of India and China:

"Note, too, that the very high official growth figures for developing countries (especially India and China) over the past few decades are based almost exclusively on production statistics. If one tries to measure income growth by using household survey data, it is often quite difficult to identify the reported rates of macroeconomic growth: Indian and Chinese incomes are certainly increasing rapidly, but not as rapidly as one would infer from official growth statistics. This paradox-sometimes referred to as the "black hole" of growth-is obviously problematic. It may be due to the overestimation of the growth of output (there are many bureaucratic incentives for doing so), or perhaps the underestimation of income growth (household have their own flaws)), or most likely both. In particular, the missing income may be explained by the possibility that a disproportionate share of the growth in output has gone to the most highly remunerated individuals, whose incomes are not always captured in the tax data." 

Who is Dr. Jawaid Abdul Ghani?

The PSLM household data cited in this blog post is taken from a recent presentation made by Dr. Jawaid Abdul Ghani at the Karachi School of Business and Leadership (KSBL) where he teaches. KSBL has been established in collaboration with  Cambridge University's Judge Business School. Prior to his current faculty position, Dr. Abdul Ghani taught at MIT's Sloane School of Management and Lahore University of Management Sciences (LUMS). He has a computer science degree from MIT and an MBA from Wharton Business School.

Summary:

Pakistan has managed to significantly reduce poverty and rapidly grow its middle class since 2001 in spite of major political, security and economic challenges. The foundation for the rise of the middle class was laid on President Musharraf's watch by his government's decisions to invest in education and infrastructure projects that led to the expansion of both human and financial capital. My hope is that the continued improvement in security situation and implementation of China-Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC) related projects will bring in higher long-term investments and accelerate Pakistan's progress toward prosperity for all of its citizens.

Related Links:

Haq's Musings

Credit Suisse Wealth Report 2016

Pakistan: A Majority Middle Class Country

Karachi School of Business and Leadership

State Bank: Pakistan's Actual GDP Higher Than Officially Reported

College Enrollment in Pakistan

Musharraf Accelerated Development of Pakistan's Human and Financial Capital

China-Pakistan Economic Corridor


Comments

Riaz Haq said…
In India, washing machines top computers in popularity
A majority of Indian households own a TV while 29% own a refrigerator, according to the ICE 360° survey

http://www.livemint.com/Specials/bhWpWqj3AFuETVdsC05fdM/In-India-washing-machines-top-computers-in-popularity.html

Fresh data from a large-scale nationally representative survey conducted this year (2016) shows that the washing machine has become a more popular household asset than the computer in India. The ‘Household Survey on India’s Citizen Environment & Consumer Economy’ (ICE 360° survey) shows that 11% households own a washing machine while only 6% own a computer or a laptop. The survey covering 61,000 households is among the largest consumer economy surveys in the country.

The survey shows a drop in the proportion of computer-owning households compared to the 2011 census, when nearly 10% households reported having either a computer or a laptop (the census did not report data on washing machines). The ICE 360° survey also shows that 10% households reported having an Internet connection, 1% lower than the proportion of households with a washing machine. But the proportion of households where at least one household member reported accessing the Internet (including those who accessed the Internet at work) is significantly higher at 22%.


The survey also shows that a large majority of Indian households owns a TV today. The 2011 census had showed that 47% households have a TV set. That proportion has increased to 65%, according to the ICE 360° survey. As TV becomes a mass market product, the refrigerator may be turning into the kind of aspirational product that the TV once used to be. A majority of the top quintile owns a refrigerator. A majority of the salaried class also owns a refrigerator. Nationally, 29% households own a refrigerator.

Riaz Haq said…
Brisk sales of appliances in Pakistan

https://www.dawn.com/news/1174131

The home appliances business is thriving and key market players expect consumer demand to surge as households generally replace their old appliances with newer models.

According to an assessment, almost all concrete houses in first-, second- and third-tier cities, from posh areas to shanty settlements, have fans. The reach of the television is said to be as high as 80pc. In major cities, almost 60pc of households are said to have fridges and washing machines, on average.

And China is reaping the benefit of the changing lifestyle in Pakistan, as the bulk of key components used in home appliances are imported from the Asian giant, leading companies in the business confirmed.

According to the Survey, “In electronic products, air conditioners, deep freezers, electric motors, storage batteries and refrigerators were main contributors (to LSM), growing by 36.12pc, 83.03pc, 20.1pc, 3.2pc and 3.6pc respectively”.

According to latest PBS figures released on March 24, the production of home appliances — including refrigerators, TV sets, air conditioners and sewing machines — rose 10pc to 1.2m units during July-January 2014-15. The production of the most popular products — fridges and deep freezers — was up 15pc to 0.8m units, against 0.7m units during the same period of the previous year.

And the production of television sets — the second most popular category in electronic goods — grew 5pc to 57,000 units during July-January. But air conditioner and sewing machines declined 6pc and 1pc over the period.

Riaz Haq said…
Pakistan Social And Living Standards Measurement
BRIEF ON PAKISTAN SOCIAL & LIVING STANDARD MEASUREMENT (PSLM) SURVEY 2004-15

The PSLM Project is designed to provide Social & Economic indicators in the alternate years at provincial and district levels. The project was initiated in July 2004 and will continue up to June 2015. The data generated through surveys is used to assist the government In formulating the poverty reduction strategy as well as development plans at district level and for the rapid assessment of program in the overall context of MDGs. As such this survey is one of the main mechanisms for monitoring MDGs indicators. It provides a set of representative, population-based estimates of social indicators and their progress under the PRSP/MDGs. For Millennium Development Goals (MDGs), UN has set 18 targets for 48 indicators for its member countries to achieve by 2015. Pakistan has committed to implement 16 targets and 37 indicators out of which 6 targets and 13 indicators are monitored through PSLM Surveys. The PSLM surveys are conducted at district level and at Provincial level respectively at alternate years. PSLM District level survey collects information on key Social indicators whereas through provincial level surveys (Social & HIES) collects information on social indicators as well as on Income and Consumption while in specific sections also information is also collected about household size; the number of employed people and their employment status, main sources of income; consumption patterns; the level of savings; and the consumption of the major food items. However, Planning Commission also uses this data for Poverty analysis.

An other important objective of the PSLM Survey is to try to establish the distributional impact of development programs; whether the poor have benefited from the program or whether increased government expenditure on the social sectors has been captured by the better off.

The sample size of PSLM surveys district level is approximately 80000 households and approximately 18000 at Provincial level.

Main Indicators

Indicators on Demographic characteristics, Education, Health, Employment, Household Assets, Household Amenities, Population Welfare and Water Supply & Sanitation are developed at National/Provincial /District levels.


http://www.pbs.gov.pk/content/pakistan-social-and-living-standards-measurement
Riaz Haq said…
One in three households in India owns a two-wheeler
A majority of car owners prefer to use a two-wheeler to reach work, according to the ICE 360° survey 2016

http://www.livemint.com/Politics/Yd2EAFIupVHDX0EbUdecsO/One-in-three-households-in-India-owns-a-twowheeler.html


The proportion of car-owning households in the country was 5%, according to the 2011 census data. That proportion has more than doubled, and stands at 11% today as per the ICE 360° survey 2016. The proportion of two-wheeler owners has increased 15 percentage points to 36%, while the proportion of bicycle owners has increased 13 percentage points since 2011 to 58%, the survey shows.

Households in the top quintile account for a majority of the cars and more than a third of two-wheelers in the country. The top 10% accounts for 46% of the cars and 22% of two-wheelers in India. The bottom quintile, which is the poorest 20%, accounts for a majority of the bicycles in the country, as per the survey. Households having a motorcycle or a scooter or a scooty or a moped have been categorized as owning a two-wheeler in this analysis.


Riaz Haq said…
Pakistan's finance minister paints a bright economic picture
Ishaq Dar lauds infrastructure and development partnerships as a path to growth

GO YAMADA, Nikkei senior staff writer

http://asia.nikkei.com/magazine/20170518/Politics-Economy/Pakistan-s-finance-minister-paints-a-bright-economic-picture


Pakistan is determined to funnel more money toward infrastructure, small businesses and the poor, and the government has found an array of international partners to make it happen.

Finance Minister Ishaq Dar recently spoke with The Nikkei about Pakistan's development drive and the federal budget for the coming fiscal year through June 2018, which he said will focus on generating 6% gross domestic product growth.

---------

Speaking about the budget to be announced on May 26, Dar said: "After [achieving] macroeconomic stability, we have fully focused on higher GDP growth that brings a better life to people, better per capita income, job opportunities and fills the gap in infrastructure demand."

Next fiscal year, he said, "our efforts will give [growth] another boost. Some fiscal measures and policies will be introduced."

FUNDING DEVELOPMENT Dar pointed to a recent agreement with the World Bank-affiliated International Finance Corporation to set up a Pakistan Infrastructure Bank.

The bank will provide financing for infrastructure projects undertaken by the private sector, he said, describing the new lender as an "equal partnership by the Pakistan government and IFC for 20% each." Other stakeholders from around the world will account for the rest, he said. The bank is expected to have paid-up capital of $1 billion.

And the infrastructure bank is just one piece of the puzzle. "With partnerships with the U.K.'s Department for International Development and the German government-owned development bank KfW, we have created the Pakistan Microfinance Investment Co.," Dar said. Its three-year business plan calls for boosting the number of "beneficiaries of microfinance from the current 4 million to 10 million."

The government, the U.K. aid agency and KfW are teaming up to create the Pakistan Poverty Alleviation Fund. Pakistan will hold 49% of the fund, with the U.K. and German partners holding 37% and 14%, respectively.

Islamabad has also established the Pakistan Development Fund, which will invest in public-sector projects outside the budget. The government's initial investment comes to $1.5 billion.

As for the economy, Dar said the government is "hoping for over 5% growth" for the current fiscal year, noting that the "World Bank is projecting 5.2% in 2017 and 5.5% in 2018."

Looking ahead, he suggested 6% growth is possible for next fiscal year, and that it could reach 7% the following year. "Our GDP is reportedly underestimated by 22-25%. If [the reported growth rate for] fiscal 2017-18 is 6%, it will be actually 7% or more," Dar said.

According to Dar, an old method of calculating national output is responsible for the discrepancy. "It has to be upgraded," he said. "And businesses, especially small and medium-sized businesses, have not been [brought into] the database on which GDP is calculated over 10 years."

To paint a more accurate picture, Dar said he recently "authorized the World Bank to carry out a study, and they will take one year."

UNDAUNTED BY DEFICITS Although Pakistan has had success containing inflation and attracting foreign direct investment, its fiscal and current-account deficits are a risk factor. Dar, however, disputed that, saying: "The fiscal deficit is not an issue. From fiscal 2012-13 to 2015-16, we cut the fiscal deficit from 8.8% to 4.6% of GDP. This fiscal year, we expect it will be close to 4.1%."

Dar chalked up the deficit to two major budget items. One is infrastructure development. "We see a jump from 600 billion rupees ($5.73 billion) in fiscal 2012-13 to 1,600 billion rupees in fiscal 2016-17."
Riaz Haq said…
Indian media on Bunji and Bhasha dams in Gilgit Baltistan:

China To Invest $27 Billion In Construction Of Two Mega Dams In Pakistan-Occupied Gilgit-Baltistan

https://swarajyamag.com/insta/china-pakistan-plan-for-construction-of-two-mega-dams-in-gilgit-baltistan

China and Pakistan have inked a memorandum of understanding (MoU) for the construction of two mega dams in Gilgit-Baltistan, a part of India’s Jammu and Kashmir state that remains under latter’s illegal occupation. The MoU was signed during the visit of Pakistan’s Prime Minister Nawaz Sharif to Beijing for participation in the recently concluded Belt and Road Initiative.

The two dams, called Bunji and Diamer-Bhasha hydroelectricity projects, will have the capacity of generating 7,100MW and 4,500MW of electricity respectively. China will fund the construction of the two dams, investing $27 billion in the process, a report authored by Brahma Chellaney in the Times of India has noted.

According to Chellaney, India does not have a single dam measuring even one-third of Bunji in power generation capacity. The total installed hydropower capacity in India’s part of the state does not equal even Diamer-Bhasha, the smaller of the two dams.

The two dams are part of Pakistan’s North Indus River Cascade, which involves construction of five big water reservoirs with an estimated cost of $50 billion. These dams, together, will have the potential of generating approximately 40,000MW of hydroelectricity. Under the MoU, China’s National Energy Administration would oversee the financing and funding of these projects.
Riaz Haq said…
Economic Survey of Pakistan 2016-17


http://www.finance.gov.pk/survey/chapters_17/overview_2016-17.pdf


Per Capita Income in dollar terms has witnessed
a growth of 6.4 percent in FY 2017 as
compared to 1.1 percent last year. The per
capita income in dollar terms has increased
from $ 1,531 in FY 2016 to $ 1,629 in FY
2017. Main contributing factors for the rise in
per capita income are higher real GDP, growth,
low population growth and stability of Pak
Rupee.

------------------

Real GDP growth was above
four percent in 2013-14 and has smoothly
increased during the last four years to reach
5.28 percent in 2016-17, which is the highest in
10 years.

----

The agriculture sector met
its growth target of 3.5 percent, helped by
government supportive policies and by
increased agriculture credit disbursements.
During 2015-16, the agriculture credit
disbursement was close to Rs 600 billion while
during 2016-17, the target was raised to Rs 700
billion. During July-March 2016-17, the
disbursement was observed to be 23 percent
higher as compared to the previous year. These
developments, along with the Prime Minister’s
Agriculture Kissan Package together with other
relief measures have started yielding positive
results.
The large-scale manufacturing output is
primarily based on Quantum Index
Manufacturing (QIM) data, which show an
increase by 5.06 percent from July 2016 to
March 2017. Major contributors to this growth
are sugar (29.33 percent), cement (7.19
percent), tractors (72.9 percent), trucks (39.31
percent) and buses (19.71 percent). High
growth of sugar is based on production of 73.9Million Tons of Sugarcane as compared to 65.5
million tons last year, which represents an
increase by 12.4 percent.
Large Scale Manufacturing growth has picked
up momentum and posted a strong 10.5 percent
growth in the month of March 2017 compared
to 7.6 percent in March 2016. The YoY growth
augurs well for further improvement in growth
during the period under review.
On average, the LSM growth stood at 5.06
percent during July-March FY 2017 compared
to 4.6 percent in the same period last year. The
sectors recording positive growth during JulMar
FY 2017 are textile 0.78 percent, food and
beverages 9.65 percent, pharmaceuticals 8.74
percent, non-metallic minerals 7.11 percent,
cement 7.19 percent, automobiles 11.31
percent, iron & steel 16.58 percent, fertilizer
1.32 percent, electronics 15.24 percent, paper &
board 5.08 percent, engineering products 2.37
percent, and rubber products 0.04 percent.
Pakistan is bestowed with all kinds of resources
which also include minerals. Pakistan possesses
many industrial rocks, metallic and nonmetallic,
which have not yet been evaluated. In
the wake of the 18th Amendment, provinces
enjoy great freedom to explore and exploit the
natural resources located in their authority, with
the result that they are currently undertaking a
number of projects using their own resources,
or in collaboration with the federal government
or with donors to tap and develop these
resources.
The services sector recorded a growth of 5.98
percent and surpassed its target which was set
at 5.70 percent. Wholesale and retail trade
sector grew at a rate of 6.82 percent. The
growth in this sector is bolstered by the output
in the agriculture and manufacturing sectors.
The share of Agriculture, Manufacturing and
Imports in Wholesale and Retail Trade growth
is 18 percent, 54 percent and 15 percent
respectively. The Transport, Storage and
Communication sector grew at a rate of 3.94
percent. Finance and insurance activities show
an overall increase of 10.77 percent, mainly
because of rapid expansion of deposit formation
(15 percent) and demand for loans (11 percent).
Riaz Haq said…
India's national accounts on economic growth wrong: Expert
BY PTI | UPDATED: JUN 03, 2017, 01.51 PM IST


Read more at:
http://economictimes.indiatimes.com/articleshow/58973943.cms?utm_source=contentofinterest&utm_medium=text&utm_campaign=cppst

"They (India's national accounts) show India's growing at seven per cent a year. But I along with many other economists, I'm afraid don't believe the national accounts. They were redone in 2011," Vijay R Joshi, Emeritus Fellow of Merton College, Oxford and Reader Emeritus in Economics, University of Oxford, told a Washington audience.

Joshi, the author of a book titled 'India's Long Road--The Search for Prosperity' alleged that India's growth rate is back at 5.5 per cent, but the na ..
Riaz Haq said…
#Pakistan car sales in July 2017 jump 41% to 19,577 units in July 2017, from July 2016 #Tractor sales spike 125% YoY

https://tribune.com.pk/story/1478567/locally-assembled-car-sales-accelerate-july/

Sales of locally assembled vehicles, including jeeps and light commercial vehicles, jumped to 19,577 units in July 2017, up 41% compared to 13,932 units in the same month of 2016, according to latest data released by the Pakistan Automotive Manufacturers Association (PAMA).

A Topline Securities’ report said the numbers were in line with its estimates. The apparently large difference in monthly sales may be attributed to reduced working days in July 2016 because of Eid holidays, the report said.

Pakistan could soon see these electric cars on its roads
Sales of Pak Suzuki Motor Company increased 37% year-on-year (YoY) in July 2017 due to strong demand for Wagon-R, up 77%.

With the introduction of a new model, sales of Cultus rose 66% YoY while Ravi sales were up 41%, which also supported the company’s growth.

Honda outperformed its peers in vehicle sales, posting 113% growth due to successful introduction of a new Civic model and new sports utility vehicle (SUV) BR-V.

Indus Motor sold 4,618 units in July 2017, up 11% YoY. The company’s focus remained on production of higher-margin Fortuner, which recorded a stellar growth of 543%.

Moreover, buyers were postponing their purchase of Toyota Corolla, waiting for the face-lift model, which has arrived now.

Truck and bus sales of PAMA member companies in July 2017 remained strong, growing 13% YoY. The trend is expected to continue, fuelled by the China-Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC) led growth, higher road connectivity, lower financing rates and enforcement of the axle load limit per truck on highways by the National Highway Authority.

Two and three-wheel vehicle sales for July 2017 grew strongly by 42% YoY due to rising disposable income of the lower middle class, the report added.

Why Pakistan should switch to hybrid cars

Tractor sales continued to exhibit an upward trajectory with sales growing by 125% YoY in July 2017.

Lower general sales tax, improved crop yield due to Punjab government’s Kisan Package and continuation of fertiliser subsidy to improve farmers’ purchasing power contributed to the strong tractor sales.

Moreover, in the provincial budget for fiscal year 2018, the Sindh government has set aside Rs2 billion in subsidy on tractor purchases by farmers.
Riaz Haq said…
The retail sector seems to be priming the economic pump. As per latest data released by the Pakistan Bureau of Statistics, the overall output of the large-scale manufacturing (LSM) index grew by 5.69 percent in Jul-May FY17. (For more on LSM going forward, please read “L-S-M!” published August 2).


http://www.brecorder.com/2017/08/03/362880/electronics-powered-on/

Among the top-three growth industries in the FY17 LSM index is ‘electronics’ – the other two being ‘iron and steel products’ and ‘automobiles’. Having a roughly 2 percent weight in the LSM index, the electronics industry grew by a recent high of 16.18 percent year-on-year in 11MFY17.

The key electronics items illustrated in the graph have all grown between FY11 and FY16. However, the growth in refrigerators and air-conditioners has been the most prominent. In the more recent period, there is double-digit growth all around, except for the TV sets. During 11MFY17, production of deep freezers grew by 28 percent, refrigerators 24 percent; electric fans 21 percent, and air-conditioners 10 percent, on a year-on-year basis.

In tandem with growth in domestic retail, the production of major electronics items is expected to continue its recent growth run. The middle-class, both its existing members and aspirants, tend to drive the purchases of white goods and electronics. If the economic growth gathers pace, the resulting higher per capita income will push the sales of both lifestyle and convenience products. Already, there is an apparent proliferation of housing schemes in both major and small cities – a sign of upward mobility – that is also a driving factor in appliance sales.

While folks want comfortable lifestyles, not many households currently have that. As per Euro monitor, in 2016, mere 55 percent of households had a washing machine, 43 percent had a refrigerator, 20 percent had a microwave oven, and 16 percent had a deep freezer. There is obviously potential there, more so in rural areas where ownership of household durables is markedly lower than urban areas. Continued flows of remittances and growth in farming incomes are going to be driving forces for electronics sales. But who will feed all that demand? While almost all of the demand for electric fans and refrigerators is being met through local production, the same is not the case for air conditioners, LED TV sets, deep freezers, and washing machines. The domestic players are conscious of the need to invest in product design, functionality, and quality of service. But the price-conscious mass market doesn’t encourage them to really go the extra mile, thus hampering their ability to compete with the imported products.
Riaz Haq said…
Monday, November 20, 2017. Credit Suisse Wealth Report 2017
Indian inequality higher than Pakistan, China, Bangladesh; 92% adults' net worth less than $10,000; of 0.5% plus $100,000

http://www.counterview.net/2017/11/indian-inequality-higher-than-pak-china.html

Giving a scary picture of inequalities in India, the recently-released “Global Wealth Report 2017”, published by Credit-Suisse, a Swiss multinational financial services holding company, headquartered in Zurich, has said that India’s 92% of adults “have net worth less than USD 10,000”, while “a small fraction of the population (just 0.5% of adults) has a net worth over USD 100,000.”
While the 0.5% adult population of India “translates into 4.2 million people” because of its huge population, the report says, “By our estimates, 1,820 adults have wealth over USD 50 million, and 760 have more than USD 100 million.”
A further breakup of wealth among the top echelons reveals that 10% of the adult population has 73.3% of wealth, 5% has 64.1% of wealth, and 1% has 45.1% of wealth.

In absolute numbers, the report says, as of mid-2017, 770,089,000 adult individuals have a wealth range of under USD 10,000, 60,116,000 have a wealth range between USD 10,000 and 100,000, 4,158,000 have wealth range between USD 100,000-1 million, and 245,000 individuals have wealth more than USD 1 million.

Pointing out that “while wealth has been rising in India, not everyone has shared in this growth”, the report’s data show that India’s Gini index – an internationally recognized, most commonly used measure of inequality, with 100% representing maximal inequality – is found to be 83%. By comparison, Pakistan’s Gini index is 52.6%, Bangladesh’s 57.9%, Sri Lanka’s 66.5%, Nepal’s 67.3%, and China’s 78.9%
Riaz Haq said…
Car sales up 20.4pc in six months

https://www.thenews.com.pk/print/266890-car-sales-up-20-4pc-in-six-months

KARACHI: Sales of passenger cars rose 20.4 to 103,432 units in the first half of the current fiscal year of 2017/18, official data showed on Wednesday.

Car sales stood at 85,901 in the same period of last fiscal year, according to Pakistan Automotive Manufacturers Association (PAMA).

In December 2017, sale of cars fell to 16,159 units as against 17,233 units in the previous month and 14,024 units in the same month a year ago.

Topline Securities, in a report, said the decline was due to the year-end’s leaner period of auto sales.

A total of 47,087 cars of 1,300cc or above category were sold during the first half, up 5.92 percent over the same period a year earlier.

But, the sale in the category declined to 6,652 units in December 2017 as against 8,087 in November and 6,880 units in December 2016.

Arslan Hanif, an analyst at Arif Habib Limited attributed the decline to crackdown of Indus Motor Company and cancellation of pre-booked orders of cars due to excess premium charged by dealers.

Under the category of 1,000cc category, a total of 23,642 units of Suzuki Cultus and Suzuki WagonR were sold, up 61 percent against 14,669 units sold last year.

One analyst said there is a huge increase in 1,000cc cars, as both WagonR and new variant of Cultus saw an amazing success in the country during the period under review.

Dispatch of 1,000cc category cars exhibited an uptick due to a massive demand from Careem, Uber and other transportation businesses.

Sales of 800cc and below 1,000cc cars, Suzuki Mehran and Bolan, increased 22 percent to 32,703 units in July-December from 26,780 units in the corresponding period last year.

“We believe Pak Suzuki continued to be major beneficiary as majority of used-car imports fall under lower engine capacity segment,” Topline Securities added.

A total of 4,562 buses and trucks were sold in the six-month period, up 17.5 percent.

Sales of farm tractors grew 54.3 percent to 32,310 units during the period under review.

A total of 6,797 jeeps were sold during the July-December period, depicting manifold growth as compared to 205 units sold during the same period last year.

The hefty sales were visibly due to an introduction of Honda’s BR-V. Honda recorded sales of 5,159 units of its new edition during the first half.

Sale of pick-ups was recorded at 13,909 units during the six months as against 11,427 units sold in the corresponding period last year.

Pakistan Automotive Manufacturers Association data further showed that a total of 940,825 motorcycles and three-wheelers were sold during the period under review, up a 19 percent over the same period a year ago.
Riaz Haq said…
7,500 new #motorcycles hit roads daily in #Pakistan. Production reached 2.3 million motorcycles in 10 months. Up 22.34% in 4 months

https://dailytimes.com.pk/179824/7500-new-motorcycles-hit-roads-daily-pakistan/

KARACHI: Motorcycles production in Pakistan is reaching to its highest level with 2.3 million quantity of produced during the ten months of 2017 while average 7,408 new motorcycles hit roads daily in the country.
The production of motorcycles increased by 22.34 percent during the first four months of fiscal year 2017-18 (FY18), as compared to the corresponding period of last year, latest data of Pakistan Bureau of Statistics (PBS) revealed.

PBS’s latest data reveals that the motorcycle production including locally assembled Japanese brand and Chinese made imported motorcycles’ brand stood at 2251917 units in the first ten months (January-October) of 2017. It is to be noted that at least 2.5 million motorcycles were manufactured during past year while the number of motorcycles’ production in Pakistan has already crossed the 2 million mark in just ten months of this year.
It has been observed that in the absence of any public transport system in Pakistan, lower middle-income class of the country has been compelled to compromise their safety by choosing the two-wheelers as their conveyance.

Muhammad Zahid Iqbal Malik of Pakistan Bikers Club (PBC) said motorcycle assemblers in Pakistan produce low quality products just to maintain price stability. He said steady prices besides easy installment plans are the main reasons behind rapid growth of two wheelers in Pakistan.

He said rapid motorcycle production in Pakistan apparently portrays brighter picture but it is a harsh reality that among 2 millions motorcycles produced in 2017 we didn’t manufacture even a single bike here with 100% Pakistani parts.

“It is true that motorcycle industry is booming and providing opportunities for locals and supporting the economy. But Pakistan is still far behind from its neighbouring country as Indian company Hero started manufacturing with Honda Japan and now it has become a separate entity bigger than Honda”, he added.
Association of Pakistan Motorcycle Assemblers (APMA) Chairman Mohammad Sabir Shaikh said globally, there is an average life of a motorcycle, but in Pakistan with the nonexistence of any such law, the tax departments are allowed to collect lifetime tax at the time of registration of a new bike.
He further added that the situation is really alarming as the authorities don’t follow any standards for motorcycles’ registration which is making the motorcycle as the leading cause of fatalities.

He was off the view that the government should set the effective life limit of a motor cycle for tax reasons since the tax offices use 100 years as their average life at present. He suggests that the tax authorities should register a motorbike only for five years and after that period the registration of the motorbikes should be subjected to fitness tests.
Riaz Haq said…
Why #India’s '#Modi-fied' #GDP Math Lacks Credibility: How can #India's gdp growth rate be faster under #Modi government when its investment-to-gdp is down from 38% under UPA #Manmohansingh government to 30.3% now? How's capital-to-output ratio way up? https://thewire.in/political-economy/why-indias-new-gdp-math-lacks-credibility/amp/

India’s back-series GDP (gross domestic product) data, released by the NITI Aayog just four months before the 2019 general elections, turns the basic laws of macroeconomics on their head.

Here’s one that is most intriguing. The data shows lower GDP growth during the UPA years, which is when the gross investment to GDP ratio was peaking at 38%. And conversely, it shows higher GDP figures during the four years of Modi-led NDA-II government, which is when the gross investment to GDP ratio was at its lowest, at 30.3%.

Economic theory has always held that higher investments lead to higher GDP. So how can GDP grow faster when the investment-to-GDP ratio has fallen?

Technically, the only circumstance in which this can happen is when the economy’s productivity or the ‘Incremental Capital Output Ratio’ (ICOR) improves equally dramatically. Simply put, it means the economy generates a lot more output for the same amount of capital employed. There is no sign of that happening during the Modi government’s four years in which productivity was in fact negatively impacted by the twin shocks of demonetisation and messy GST implementation. Besides this, much of the NDA-II period has also seen the largest quantum ever of unproductive assets locked up in the form of non-performing assets (NPAs). Banks are not lending because of unresolved bad loans. How can productivity surge in such circumstances?

Says Mahesh Vyas, CEO of the Centre for Monitoring Indian Economy, a reputed private data research firm, “The new GDP back series numbers show India to be a magical economy where when the investment ratio drops sharply, the economy accelerates sharply. During the period (2007-08 to 2010-11) when the investment to GDP ratio was peaking at average 37.4% the average GDP growth was 6.7%. And in the recent four years (2014-15 to 2017-18) when the investment ratio was down to 30.3% the economy was sailing at 7.2%. Is this productivity magic?” There is really no answer to this fundamental questIon.

Former head of the Central Statistics Office (CSO) and chairman of the National Statistical Commission, Pronab Sen, is known to have a great feel for data and has been one of India’s foremost economists and chief statisticians. Sen has been critical of the manner in which the back-series data was essentially released by NITI Aayog and not by the CSO alone, as has been the practice in the past. This is tantamount to politicising institutions which deal with national statistics.

That apart, Sen also agrees that the back-series data does not pass the basic smell test linked to ground realities. While better productivity can theoretically produce higher output with the same quantum of capital or labour, he argues that the period of 2005-2012 also saw a big communication revolution in India due to mobile penetration. Consequently, it would be difficult to argue lower productivity in the UPA era. The service sector overall – whether communications, banking, real estate or hotels – clearly boomed during the UPA period.

Significantly, average GDP growth has been lowered to 6.7% during the UPA period in the new series, from over 8% in the earlier series, largely based on adjusting the service sector output (which was the biggest contributor to GDP) to lower levels.

There are other basic common sense tests which the new series fails. For instance, UPA-era growth is supposed to be lower even though the country’s exports were booming at 20%-plus, bank credit to industry grew at over 20% and the corporate earnings of the top 1,100 companies grew at at over 20%.
Riaz Haq said…
Registered #vehicles in #Pakistan up 9.6% to 23,588,268 in 2018. #Motorcycles saw biggest increase of 11.5% reaching 17,465,880. #Cars, jeeps and station wagons rose 5.3% reaching 3,043,593. #Trucks surged to 277,416 and #buses 236,461 https://profit.pakistantoday.com.pk/2019/06/16/registered-vehicles-in-pakistan-increased-by-9-6-in-2018/ via @Profitpk

The registered vehicles in the country increased by 9.6 per cent in 2018 as the number of vehicles have reached 23,588,268 in the last year compared to 21,506,641 vehicles in 2017, according to the data of Pakistan Bureau of Statistics (PBS).

The data revealed that two-wheel registered motor bikes witnessed highest increase during the said period showing a surge in their registration of 11.5 percent. Their number has jumped to 17,465,880 from 15,664,098 in the previous year.

Similarly, motor cars, jeeps and station wagons have grown by 5.3 percent reaching to 3,043,593 from 2,889,500 during the period of one year. However, the growth in the registration of three-wheel motor cycles, trucks, buses, taxis and others vehicles showed normal increase.

The number of trucks has surged to 277,416 from 272,934 in one year time period. The number of buses has also risen to 236,461 from 233,884, the data showed.
Riaz Haq said…
#Pakistan Home #Appliance Maker Dawlance Manufactures Its 10 Millionth Unit. Company makes #Refrigerators, #Freezers, #AirConditioners, #Microwave Ovens, Built-in #Ovens, #WashingMachines, Water Dispensers, #Dishwashers, and small #kitchen appliances. https://www.oyeyeah.com/news/dawlance-manufactures-its-10-millionth-unit/

The market-leader in Pakistan’s Consumer-Electronics and Home Appliances market – Dawlance has now achieved another huge milestone, by manufacturing its Ten Millionth unit. Completing its 40 years of excellence, this enterprise is a fully owned subsidiary of Arçelik A.S. – The largest Turkish enterprise and the third-largest manufacturer in Europe.

The Chief Executive Officer of Dawlance – Mr. Umar Ahsan Khan stated that: “Dawlance is the biggest Turkish investment in the economy of Pakistan. Producing its 10 millionth Unit is the strongest evidence of the brand’s reliability. It is an unforgettable moment for us as we enter this new era of consumers’ confidence. The company is thankful to its over 4000 employees, our consumers, stakeholders, distributers, and dealers all over Pakistan, along with everyone else who contributed to the success and growth of the company.”

The Head of Production at Dawlance – Mr. Ameen Ahmed expressed his delight and said; ”We have come a long way since the company’s humble beginning, back in 1980, when a small assembly plant was established in Hyderabad. Today, the company has grown tremendously, operating 3 large-scale manufacturing units in Pakistan. The 10 millionth product is a testament to our passion and commitment, to strengthen Pakistan’s industrial-base and economy.”

Through this resourceful collaboration, the most reliable brand has been established, to offer the highest quality electronics and services to Pakistani consumers. Our most innovative technologies also promise the conservation of energy. Being a socially responsible organization, it generously contributes towards credible initiatives for community-development and other healthy socio-cultural activities, to create more economic opportunities and empower its consumers.

It caters to consumers’ 3 different functions; Food Care, Fabric Care and Home Care with a wide range of appliances including; Refrigerators, Freezers, Air-Conditioners, Microwave Ovens, Built-in Ovens, Hoods and Hobs, Washing Machines, Water Dispensers, Dishwashers, and small kitchen appliances. Consumers can enjoy the ‘Grand Warranty’ on all Dawlance products sold all over Pakistan, without paying additional costs or any registration process.

All Dawlance Refrigerators and Freezers come with a 12 Years Compressor Warranty (including Inverter and non-inverter technology). All its new models of Washing Machines are covered by a 10 Years Motor Warranty.

With the continued focus on customer care and after-sales service, it always exceeds the customers’ expectations. With creating newer technologies, every employee is inspired to ensure compliance with global standards and best-practices at every level.

A nation-wide ‘After Sales network’ provides 24/7 Customer-Care, while Technical-Collaborations with Arçelik’s global plants in Turkey, Russia, Romania, Thailand, and South Africa are also nurturing expertise at Dawlance.
Riaz Haq said…
Sensitivity of Multidimensional Poverty Index in Pakistan
Farzana Naheed Khan
and Shaista Akram

https://uog.edu.pk/downloads/journal/9_Sensitivity_of_Multidimensional_Poverty_Index_in_Pakistan_PJSI_98-108.pdf

Abstract
The study estimates multidimentional poverty in Pakistan following Alkire-Foster methodology.
The analysis is based on Pakistan Social and Living Standard Measurement Survey 2004-05 and
2014-15. The study adopts expert opinion weights, frequency-based weights and equal weights for
the provision of estimates of MPI at national and provincial levels. The results show that the
estimates of MPI range from 14% to 20% at national level and these estimates are quite sensitive
to the choice of weights. Whereas, equal weights always underestimate the magnitude of poverty.
Moreover, the inter-temporal analysis of poverty reveals that the intensity of poverty has lower
contribution in the reduction of multidimensional poverty in Pakistan. Therefore, the deprived
regions of the country should be focused separately (especially the deprived districts of
Balochistan) to target poverty. Besides, the regional allocation of resources can be made
according to the intensity of poverty. The study concludes that the measurement of poverty is a
complex phenomenon and it is quite sensitive to the choice of weights. So, the researcher should
be careful about the choice of weighting scheme while providing estimates of multidimensional
poverty.
----------------------
The Table 2 shows the estimates of MPI for the PSLM 2004-05 and PSLM 2014-15. The study
has adopted expert opinion weights for the computation of MPI while these weights are taken from
Pakistan Economic Survey (2016).
a The multidimensional poverty estimates show that 28.8% of
the population was multidimensionally poor according to the PSLM 2004-05 while 19% of the
population is multidimensionally poor according to the PSLM 2014-15. The Table 2 also shows
that rural poverty is a critical issue in Pakistan as reported MPI is higher for rural areas of Pakistan
as compared to the urban areas of Pakistan for both data sets. This result is consistent with the
earlier poverty studies for Pakistan (Naveed and Ali, 2012; Sallauddin and Zaman, 2012; Pakistan
Economic Survey, 2016).
Riaz Haq said…
Giving a contrasting view, Business Head B2B Solutions, LG Pakistan, Syed Farrukh Raza Alam said sales in July-August of AC, washing machines, TVs, double door fridge, etc were better than last year same period despite 15-20 per cent increase in prices in the last one year. His sales of invertor ACs were also brisk.

https://www.dawn.com/news/1504145

According to figures of Pakistan Bureau of Statistics (PBS), production of refrigerators plunged by 24pc to 1.093 million units in FY19 while deep freezer sales soared by 39pc to 186,545 units in FY19.

A sales representative in Karachi of a Lahore based domestic appliances making company said the overall sales of domestic appliances shrank by 20-25pc in the last two months due to high prices.

---------

According to official figures, overall local production of TV sets in FY19 rose by 3.3pc to 380,559 units.

President Karachi Electronic Dealers Association (KEDA), Mohammad Rizwan Irfan said deep freezers and fridge sales recorded steep fall of 50pc in the last two months as prices rose by 15-20pc in the last one year while low slaughtering of sacrificial animals also kept buyers away from the market. He said sale of cooling gadgets were also subdued despite marriage season that runs betweenr Eid and 1st Muharram.

He said CNIC condition and Sales Tax registration process had already caused anxiety among the dealers and manufacturers. Rizwan said many companies had suspended providing domestic appliances after various taxation measures, while many dealers are also not income tax filers.
Riaz Haq said…
1.426 million refrigerators sold in Pakistan in 2016, up from 1.348 million in 2015 and 1.31 million in 2014

Dawlance leads with 465,000, followed by Pak Elektron Limited 421,000, Haier 280,000 , Orient 220,000 and others 40,000

https://www.slideshare.net/shehrozadil/refrigerator-industry-of-pakistan-2017
Riaz Haq said…
52% of households now own a refrigerator in Pakistan

Interesting that KP Urban households report highest proportion among all provincial urban vs rural comparison

https://twitter.com/bilalgilani/status/1259527271678971904?s=20
Riaz Haq said…
Every one has noticed motorcycles on roads increase enormously over the past 1.5 decade This is because every second household has a motorcycle! In Punjab Urban almost 2 in 3 HHS own one ! In absence of public transport Pakistanis already found a solution ?

https://twitter.com/bilalgilani/status/1259532050719289345?s=20

Riaz Haq said…
India’s middle-class households are culling their armies of domestic helpers amid the Covid-19 pandemic, eliminating a crucial source of jobs and spurring an appliance-buying binge.


https://www.wsj.com/articles/covid-19-spurs-indians-to-replace-their-household-help-with-appliances-11605096003

Ila Rallan used to have five different home assistants troop through her apartment in Mumbai every day: one cook, three cleaners and one nanny. At the beginning of India’s lockdown, they all returned to their villages. Additionally, her building wouldn’t let in outsiders.

For the first time in her life, she had to do everything around the house without the help of staff.

Other countries have seen a surge in home-improvement spending by people stuck at home. In the U.S., it has led to shortages in refrigerators, kitchen mixers and washing machines. In India, however, this spending is putting people out of work.

Sarita, a maid and cook in Delhi who goes by one name, had worked for the same family for 10 years. When Covid-19 hit, they reduced her salary for two months and then laid her off, even as the lockdown lifted. They were scared to let her into the house. Her former boss now has machines to do the dishes and clean the floor, she says.

“This disease has gone after our jobs as well as our health,” she said. “Machines are replacing humans and walking away with our salaries.”

India has one of the worst coronavirus outbreaks in the world. With more than 8.5 million recorded infections in the South Asian nation, only the U.S. has reported more cases. The country went into the world’s largest lockdown in March and stayed shut for two months. It has since been gradually opening, but people are still restricting their own movements.

The more-affluent families of the country’s middle class have emerged from this forced hibernation more cautious, more independent and more likely to spend on labor-saving equipment they didn’t think they needed before.

Riaz Haq said…
#Pakistan: Pak Elektron’s profits soar. Home #appliance sales to grow 20% in Fiscal 2021. #Refrigerator sales have grown 12% a year over last 3 years. #AirConditioner sales have shown a 5-year CAGR of 64% #middleclass #urbanization Profit by Pakistan Today https://profit.pakistantoday.com.pk/2020/08/01/as-temperatures-soar-so-do-pak-elektrons-profits/#.X64WQvmj29Q.twitter


First, let us look at appliances. Overall, this segment has done very well: between 2015 and 2018, the division recorded an annual growth of 18%. However, in the last one year, appliance sales were somewhat subdued. The imposition of an CNIC condition on business to business transactions impacted the market, and the Covid-19 related lockdown for between March and May in 2020 did not help (who will buy a new deep freezer in the middle of a pandemic?).

However, during the same period, the interest rate was cut by 625 basis points, from 13.25% to 7%. According to historical data, consumer financing for appliances picks up around six months after a policy rate cut, which bodes well for PEL. It is also good news for the company’s financials, since the company has a debt-to-equity ratio of 57%. The fall in interest rates should translate to savings of Rs600 million in interest costs.

In addition, farmers have more liquidy these days, thanks to a spate of helpful government measures: a cut in the Gas Infrastructure Development Cess (GIDC) on urea bags, a subsidy for fertilizers, a rise in the wheat support price, and distribution of funds under the Ehsaas program. All of this means more cahs flows for farmers on a whole, and more money to spend on nice appliances.

This pent up demand is why Kumar expects sales of appliances to grow by 20% year-on-year to 414,999 units in 2021, compared to 345,832 units in 2020.

And exactly which two appliances are growing? Well, refrigerator sales of the company have grown at an annual rate of 12% over the last three years. That being said the Covid-19 lockdown and higher interest rates caused refrigerator sales to decline 19% year-on-year in the first quarter of 2020, and is expected to decline by 25% year-on-year in the second quarter. And yet, since the lockdown has been lifted, Kumar expected sales to pick up and for the remaining two quarters to show 15% year-on-year growth.

In ACs, the company holds only a 10% market share – but AC sales have shown a five-year compound annualised growth rate (CAGR) of 64%. Kumar expects 15% year-on-year growth during the second half of 2020, after a subdued first half (again, because of Covid-19 lockdowns).

“During 2021, we estimate ACs sales to grow by 20% YoY to 90,997 units compared to 75,831 units in 2020,” notes Kumar.

PEL is also benefiting from slew of factors outside of its control. Pakistan is becoming more urbanized (at 43% in 2019, compared to just 33% in the year 2000. Between 2012 and 2020, per capita income and remittances have grown at CAGRs of 7% and 6% respectively. The central bank has made it mandatory for banks to allocate 5% of their private sector advances for the construction sector. And finally, Pakistan has grown warmer, experiencing a 0.6 degree Celsisu jump in the last century.

So: a more urban population, moving into brand new homes, with money in their pockets and finding that their fans just will not cut it in this heat: this means a greater demand for electrical goods in the future.

It is not just PEL that has picked up on this trend: Panasonic Marketing Middle East & Africa has partnered with PEL on high-end goods. So far, high-end ACs have been introduced. But growing incomes, and rising urbanization, means that Panasonic thinks that there will be more ‘high end’ customers to cater to in the future.

Now, to the second segment: power supplies. PEL dominates in the power transformer sector, holding an 81% share in the market after Siemens exited. Similarly, it holds the highest share in the distribution transformers market, at 31%.

Riaz Haq said…
Pakistan to be the world's 7th largest consumer market by 2030

https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2021/10/growth-consumers-asia-indonesia-bangladesh-pakistan-philippines/

Asian countries are expected to exhibit the biggest growth of the consumer class among the world's 30 biggest consumer markets.
The consumer class is defined as a group of people who spend more than $11 per day.
Currently, 55% of the global consumer class live in Asia.
Nearly 76 million Indonesians alone will join the consumer class by 2030.
This will make Indonesia the fourth biggest consumer market in the world, behind China, India and the U.S.
Bangladesh, Pakistan and the Philippines also expect big growth.

Between the years 2020 and 2030, almost 76 million Indonesians will join the so-called consumer class, a group of people who spend more than $11 (in 2011 PPP dollars) per day. This will cause the country to become the fourth biggest consumer market in the world behind the giants of the field – China, India and the United States.

Even today, 55 percent – or 2.2 billion people - of the global consumer class live in Asia, especially in the world’s two biggest consumer markets, India and China. Despite the fact that Indian consumer class growth is outpacing China’s, the latter country is expected to remain the biggest consumer market in 2030. This is according to data by research company World Data Lab, published by Brookings Institution.

https://www.brookings.edu/blog/future-development/2021/08/31/which-will-be-the-top-30-consumer-markets-of-this-decade-5-asian-markets-below-the-radar/
Riaz Haq said…
Which will be the top 30 consumer markets of this decade? 5 Asian markets below the radar

https://www.brookings.edu/blog/future-development/2021/08/31/which-will-be-the-top-30-consumer-markets-of-this-decade-5-asian-markets-below-the-radar/

Here is an overview of the five top movers:

Bangladesh (+17 positions), from place 28 to 11; future consumer class: 85 million (+50 million)
Global share of consumer class: 0.8 percent (2020), 1.6 percent (2030). Bangladesh’s consumer class is projected to more than double by 2030: Today, 35 million people in Bangladesh spend more than $11 a day. By 2030, it will be 85 million!
Pakistan (+8 positions), from place 15 to 7; future consumer class: 121 million (+56 million)
Global share of consumer class: 6 percent (2020), 2.3 percent (2030). Pakistan will add 56 million new consumers by 2030, for a total of 121 million. This means that in 2030, for the first time, every other Pakistani will be able to spend more than $11 per day.
Vietnam (+7 positions), from place 26 to 19; future consumer class: 56 million (+21 million)
Global share of consumer class: 9 percent (2020), 1.1 percent (2030). Vietnam’s consumer class will grow from 35 million to 56 million within this decade, which is a success story particularly of the middle-aged generation: Consumers between 45 and 65 years of age will contribute nearly 25 percent of Vietnam’s spending, as opposed to 20 percent today.
Philippines (+6 positions), from place 20 to 14; future consumer class: 79 million (+38 million)
Global share of consumer class: 1 percent (2020), 1.5 percent (2030). The Filipino consumer class is projected to grow steadily, from 41 million today to 79 million in 2030. By then, more than two-thirds of the Filipino population will spend more than $11 per day.
Indonesia (+2 positions), from place 6 to 4; future consumer class: 199 million (+76 million)
Global share of consumer class: 2 percent (2020), 3.8 percent (2030). While Indonesia is only moving up two places, it is experiencing a large gain of consumer class growth. Starting from an already large base of 123 million, Indonesia will have almost 200 million consumers in 2030, making it the fourth-largest consumer market in the world.
The big message of this analysis is that the consumer class is spreading across the world, and that many emerging markets will have large consumer markets where supply-chain-scale economies, digital platforms, and local preferences will need to be better understood and developed.
Riaz Haq said…
Household Appliances - Pakistan | Statista Market Forecast

https://www.statista.com/outlook/dmo/ecommerce/electronics/household-appliances/pakistan

Revenue in the Household Appliances segment is projected to reach US$1,663m in 2021.
Revenue is expected to show an annual growth rate (CAGR 2021-2025) of 9.08%, resulting in a projected market volume of US$2,354m by 2025.
With a projected market volume of US$97,974m in 2021, most revenue is generated in China.
In the Household Appliances segment, the number of users is expected to amount to 20.8m users by 2025.
User penetration will be 5.6% in 2021 and is expected to hit 8.6% by 2025.
The average revenue per user (ARPU) is expected to amount to US$132.78.

----------------

Household Appliances - Bangladesh | Statista Market Forecast

https://www.statista.com/outlook/dmo/ecommerce/electronics/household-appliances/bangladesh


Revenue in the Household Appliances segment is projected to reach US$988m in 2021.
Revenue is expected to show an annual growth rate (CAGR 2021-2025) of 27.87%, resulting in a projected market volume of US$2,642m by 2025.
With a projected market volume of US$97,974m in 2021, most revenue is generated in China.
In the Household Appliances segment, the number of users is expected to amount to 56.4m users by 2025.
User penetration will be 16.2% in 2021 and is expected to hit 32.7% by 2025.
The average revenue per user (ARPU) is expected to amount to US$36.69.
Riaz Haq said…
Pakistani Motorcycles Market burnt out. In the third quarter sales have been flat from the previous year. Consequently, Year to Date September sales were 1.4 million, up 37.5% vs the 2020 and 13.0% vs the 2019, running towards the second all-time level, just below the 2018 record.

https://www.motorcyclesdata.com/2021/10/25/pakistan-motorcycles/

Motorcycles Market 2021 Trend
Pakistani two wheeler market is accelerating and recovering fast, following the lost reported in the 2020, when prolonged shutdown and lockdowns blocked the production and the commercial activities for a while.

This year the demand is back very fast and we can expect the market to be back on the pre covid track, when it was one of the fastest growing worldwide.

Sales speed up in the first half of this calendar year, when two and three wheeler sales have been 951.093, up a huge 66.8% vs the 2020 and +9.0% vs the 2019, hitting the new record as highest semester ever.

In the third quarter sales have been flat from the previous year. Consequently, Year to Date September sales were 1.4 million, up 37.5% vs the 2020 and 13.0% vs the 2019, running towards the second all-time level, just below the 2018 record.

The competitive arena is dominated by Honda with sales up 52.2%. It is followed by United Auto (+10.7%) and Road Prince (+6.0%), the best local brands.

----------


A decade ago, Bangladesh two-wheeler sales were below 10.000 units per year. Then the industry evolved rapidly, thanks to the investments of new local brands – like Runner and Walton, Indians companies – Bajaj Auto, Hero Motor and TVS -, and Japanese – Suzuki, Yamaha and Honda.

https://www.motorcyclesdata.com/2021/03/12/bangladesh-motorcycles/

In the 2012 the market was already up 10 times compared with 5 years before, while kept steady growing until the 2016, when sales were not far from the quarter of a million.

However, the new policy established by the government in the 2017 changed the industry perspective immediately booming the demand, thanks to the cut of motorcycles price in a range of 20% (both for imported and local made models) and a new life started.

In the following years the market boomed up doubling volume to hit the 487,000 units in the 2018 and finally at over 549,000 units in the 2019.

While Japanese brands are growing, the market is literally dominated by Indian brands, with Baja Auto leader with near 33% of share, followed by Hero Motor and TVS. Honda is fast growing and hold a market share near 11%.

Riaz Haq said…
Cement Production in Pakistan increased to 4042 Thousands (4 million tons) of Tonnes in September from 3765 Thousands of Tonnes in August of 2021. source: State Bank of Pakistan


https://tradingeconomics.com/pakistan/cement-production

-------------------

In the last seven years, the production capacity of the local cement companies increased by 131 percent, while demand rose by 106 percent.

At the end of 2018, the production capacity stood at 5.80 crore tonnes, while the demand rose to as much as 3.10 crore tonnes.

Of the locally produced cement, the government uses 35 percent, commercial developers use 35 percent and individual-level small buyers use the rest.

From 2011 to 2018, the per capita use of cement increased by 97 percent to stand at 187kg. However, the country yet lags behind the world average of per capita use of 563kg.

Bangladesh is the 40th country in the world cement market now.


https://www.tbsnews.net/economy/bangladeshs-cement-industry-booming
Riaz Haq said…
Eidul Azha has helped other sections of the struggling market like transporters who shuttle animals from the market to homes; electronics especially deep-freezers; various forms of knives and cutting boards; spices and other things to help cook on the big day; BBQ equipment — skewers and grills — and fuel like coal.

https://www.dawn.com/news/1636294

------------

Deep freezers sales also saw a strong rebound, rising to 11,732 units in April 2021 from 1,048 units in April 2020 while March 2021 production stood at 7,236 units

https://www.dawn.com/news/1629800/production-of-home-appliances-soars
Riaz Haq said…
NFHS-5 report 7 Percent of households in India own a car, Goa first and Bihar last IG News

https://irshadgul.com/nfhs-5-report-7-percent-of-households-in-india-own-a-car-goa-first-and-bihar-last-ig-news/

NFHS-5 report 7 Percent of households in India own a car, Goa first and Bihar last
New Delhi: According to the National Family Health Survey 2019-21 (NFHS-5) report, 7.5% of households in India own a car. This number has increased by 1.5% in the last 4 years. In 2018, the figure was 6%. In terms of states, Goa ranks first, Kerala second and undivided Jammu and Kashmir third. In Goa, 45.2% of households own a car. The figure is 24.2% in Kerala and 23.7% in Jammu and Kashmir.

In Himachal Pradesh 22.1% of households own a car, in Punjab the figure is 21.9% and in Nagaland it is 21.3%. In Sikkim, 20.9% of households own a car. The hill and northeastern states are at the forefront in this regard. 19.3% in Arunachal Pradesh, 17.0% in Manipur, 15.5% in Mizoram, 12.9% in Meghalaya and 8.1% in Assam own a car. In the hill states of Uttarakhand, after Jammu and Kashmir and Himachal, 12.7% of households own a car.

In the national capital Delhi, 19.4% of households own a car. In Haryana, 15.3% of households own a car. In Uttar Pradesh, the largest state in the country in terms of population, only 5.50% of households own a car. The fewest families in Bihar have their own car. Only 2.0 per cent of households in the state own a car. This is followed by the number of Odisha. In Odisha, 2.7% of households own a car.

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India in Pixels by Ashris
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What percentage of households in India own a car in India? 🚙

https://twitter.com/indiainpixels/status/1525369535741984768?s=20&t=5xI6rnsyJWXg6N1SEexDMQ
Riaz Haq said…
PLSM Pakistan 2019-20


https://www.pbs.gov.pk/sites/default/files//pslm/publications/pslm_district_2019-20/PSLM_2019_20_District_Level.pdf

HOUSEHOLD WITH: U R T
Computer 19 7 12
Internet 48 23 33
Mobile 96 91 93
PERCENTAGE OF THE POPULATION 10 YEARS AND OLDER WITH MOBILE OWNERSHIP
M F T
Pakistan 65 25 45
Urban 71 38 55
Rural 61 17 39
PERCENTAGE OF THE POPULATION 10 YEARS AND OLDER USED INTERNET IN LAST THREE
MONTHS
Pakistan 24 14 19
Urban 37 24 31
Rural 16 7 12
PERCENTAGE OF THE POPULATION 10 YEARS AND OLDER WITH ICT SKILLS
Copy Move 66 57 63
Copy Paste 54 52 53
Send Mail 51 44 48
Spread Sheet 31 20 27
Finding Downloading Software. 33 32 33
Presentation 25 16 21
Transferring Files 35 33 35
Programming 24 15 20
Social Media 46 41 45
Entertainment 60 58 59
Connecting Installing Devices 26 15 22
Riaz Haq said…
Haier revolutionizes cooling solutions with launch of Pakistan's first Solar Hybrid Air Conditioner


https://en.dailypakistan.com.pk/28-Aug-2023/haier-revolutionizes-cooling-solutions-with-launch-of-pakistan-s-first-solar-hybrid-air-conditioner

Haier is proud to unveil an unprecedented leap in the realm of cooling solutions with the introduction of Pakistan's very first solar hybrid air conditioner. This groundbreaking innovation marks a monumental shift towards sustainable and energy-efficient living, setting new standards in the industry. The launch of the solar hybrid air conditioner underscores Haier's dedication to shaping a brighter future for generations to come.

The Haier solar hybrid air conditioner is a groundbreaking marvel that operates entirely on solar power during daylight hours, eliminating the need for any intermediary devices such as inverters, batteries, UPS, or converters. By seamlessly integrating four 540W solar panels and establishing a direct connection to the outdoor unit, the AC functions autonomously, setting an industry precedent. This marks a historic milestone in Pakistan, where an air conditioner operates directly on solar power without any supplementary support.

For the very first time, consumers can embrace cooling technology that not only cools their spaces but also ensures zero electricity bills during daylight hours. Never before in Pakistan has an air conditioner operated directly on solar power without any intermediate support. This innovative approach significantly minimizes the concerns related to electricity costs and additional equipment expenses. As daylight graces the solar panels, the AC operates exclusively on solar energy, providing cooling comfort without the burden of utility bills. The system seamlessly switches to the grid only in case of cloudy weather, mimicking the hybrid concept found in modern-day hybrid cars. Additionally, the same holds true for nighttime operations.

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